Read a table or chart in context and summarize a small data set. Distinguish mean, median, and range instead of expecting one number to tell the whole story.
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Statistics & probability
Read data displays, describe a set of values, and reason about chance. Check how data was collected and which assumptions support a probability calculation.
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Explore statistics & probability
Define an event and the possible outcomes before calculating its probability. Use fractions to describe chance and check whether successive events are independent.
What you’ll learn
- Read a table or graph without losing its labels and units.
- Explain how an average can hide variation.
- Calculate a simple probability from clearly defined outcomes.
A summary answers a particular question
The mean, median, and range describe different features of data. A single average does not show whether observations cluster closely or vary widely. Keep the original values or display available when interpreting a summary.
Chance requires a model
A probability calculation starts with the possible outcomes and assumptions about how they occur. Counting favorable outcomes over total outcomes works directly only when those outcomes are equally likely.
Ask where the information came from
A large-looking chart or precise number does not settle whether a sample represents the wider group. Check collection methods, labels, scale, and missing context before extending a conclusion.
Keep exploring
Reading dataRead a table or chart in context and summarize a small data set. Distinguish mean, median, and range instead of expecting one number to tell the whole story.ProbabilityDefine an event and the possible outcomes before calculating its probability. Use fractions to describe chance and check whether successive events are independent.PercentagesInterpret a percentage as a fraction of a stated base. Calculate a percentage amount and a percentage change without confusing the original and final values.
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