Measurement

Describe and identify measurable attributes of objects such as length, height, weight, and capacity; use comparative language (longer, shorter, heavier…

Compare two objects directly by length or height and describe the difference using language such as long, short, tall, longer, shorter, taller, double, half

Compare and describe capacity and volume using language such as full, empty, more than, less than, half full

Compare two objects directly by mass or weight and describe the difference using language such as heavy, light, heavier than, lighter than

Sequence events in chronological order using language such as before, after, next, first, today, yesterday, tomorrow, morning, afternoon, evening

Use comparative language for time: quicker, slower, earlier, later

Measure and begin to record lengths and heights using non-standard and standard units

Measure and begin to record capacity and volume using non-standard and standard units

Measure and begin to record mass/weight using non-standard and standard units

Recognise and use language relating to dates, including days of the week, weeks, months, and years

Measure and begin to record time in hours, minutes, and seconds

Tell the time to the hour and half past the hour, and draw clock hands to show these times

Recognise and know the value of different coins and notes

Choose and use appropriate standard units to measure length (m/cm), mass (kg/g), temperature (°C), and capacity (litres/ml) to the nearest appropriate unit

Measure the length of an object using same-size length units laid end to end with no gaps or overlaps

Order three objects by length and compare the lengths of two objects indirectly using a third object

Compare and order lengths, mass, and capacity and record results using >, <, and =

Know the number of minutes in an hour and the number of hours in a day

Tell and write the time to five minutes, including quarter past and quarter to, and draw clock hands to show these times

Compare and sequence intervals of time

Solve simple money problems involving addition and subtraction, including giving change

Find different combinations of coins that equal the same amount of money

Recognise and use symbols for pounds (£) and pence (p) and combine amounts to make a particular value

Measure the length of an object by selecting and using appropriate tools such as rulers, yardsticks, metre sticks, and measuring tapes

Measure, compare, add, and subtract lengths (m/cm/mm), mass (kg/g), and volume/capacity (l/ml) using standard units

Measure the perimeter of simple 2-D shapes

Know the number of seconds in a minute and the number of days in each month, year, and leap year

Compare durations of events and calculate the time taken by particular events or tasks

Tell and write time from analogue and digital clocks to the nearest five minutes, using a.m., p.m., and 12-hour and 24-hour notation

Estimate and read time with increasing accuracy to the nearest minute; record and compare time in terms of seconds, minutes, and hours

Solve word problems involving lengths within 100, using addition and subtraction with drawings and equations

Generate measurement data by measuring lengths to the nearest whole unit and display the data on a line plot

Solve word problems involving dollar bills, quarters, dimes, nickels, and pennies, using $ and ¢ symbols appropriately

Measure to determine how much longer one object is than another, expressing the length difference in terms of a standard length unit

Add and subtract amounts of money to give change, using both £ and p in practical contexts

Estimate lengths using units of inches, feet, centimetres, and metres

Measure the length of an object using two different length units and describe how the measurements relate to the size of the unit chosen

Measure areas by counting unit squares (square cm, square m, square in, square ft)

Understand that a unit square has one square unit of area and that the area of a plane figure is the number of unit squares that cover it without gaps or…

Find the area of a rectangle by tiling it with unit squares and show that the result equals the product of the side lengths

Multiply side lengths to find areas of rectangles and represent whole-number products as rectangular areas

Use tiling to demonstrate the distributive property: the area of a rectangle with sides a and (b+c) equals a×b + a×c; use area models to represent the…

Convert between different units of measure (e.g. kilometre to metre, hour to minute, minute to second, year to month, week to day)

Solve problems involving perimeters of polygons: find perimeter from side lengths, find an unknown side length, and explore rectangles with same perimeter but…

Solve word problems involving elapsed time by adding and subtracting time intervals in minutes, including using a number line

Generate measurement data by measuring lengths to the nearest half and quarter inch; display the data on a line plot with a scale marked in whole numbers…

Tell and write time to the nearest minute using analogue and digital clocks

Estimate, compare, and calculate different measures including money in pounds and pence

Measure and estimate liquid volumes and masses of objects using grams, kilograms, and litres; solve one-step word problems involving mass or volume

Recognise area as additive; find areas of rectilinear figures by decomposing into non-overlapping rectangles and summing their areas

Read, write, and convert time between analogue and digital 12-hour and 24-hour clocks

Solve word problems involving distances, time intervals, liquid volumes, masses, and money using the four operations with fractions or decimals; represent with…

Solve problems involving converting between units of time (hours↔minutes, minutes↔seconds, years↔months, weeks↔days)

Know relative sizes of measurement units within one system (km/m/cm/mm, kg/g, l/ml, hr/min/sec); convert between different metric units and express measurements…

Apply the area formula (l × w) and perimeter formula (2l + 2w) for rectangles including squares in real-world and mathematical problems; calculate and compare…

Make a line plot to display measurement data in fractions of a unit (1/2, 1/4, 1/8); solve problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions using line…

Understand and use approximate equivalences between metric units and common imperial units (inches, pounds, pints)

Measure and calculate the perimeter of composite rectilinear shapes in centimetres and metres

Estimate volume of cuboids using 1 cm³ blocks; estimate capacity of containers using water

Calculate the area of parallelograms and triangles using formulae (A = b × h for parallelograms, A = ½ × b × h for triangles)

Convert between miles and kilometres using the approximate relationship (5 miles ≈ 8 km)

Recognise volume as additive; find volumes of composite solid figures made of two or more non-overlapping right rectangular prisms

Solve problems involving the calculation and conversion of units of measure, using decimal notation and multi-step reasoning in real-world contexts

Convert among different-sized standard measurement units within a given system (e.g. 5 cm to 0.05 m) using decimal notation to up to three decimal places…

Find the volume of right rectangular prisms by packing with unit cubes and show it equals l × w × h (or base area × height); apply V = l × w × h and V = B × h…

Recognise that shapes with the same area can have different perimeters and vice versa; explore this relationship systematically

Measure volumes by counting unit cubes using cubic cm, cubic in, cubic ft, and other units

Recognise volume as an attribute of solid figures; understand that a unit cube (side length 1 unit) has 'one cubic unit' of volume and can be used to measure…