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Personal & Social Development // Empathy & Social Awareness

Understand the impact of prejudice and discrimination on individuals and communities — that treating people unfairly because of their identity causes real harm…

Personal & Social Development // Empathy & Social Awareness

Recognise stereotypes — oversimplified beliefs about groups of people based on gender, race, age, or other characteristics — and understand that stereotypes are…

Personal & Social Development // Empathy & Social Awareness

Understand that the world contains many cultures, traditions, and belief systems, and that learning about others' perspectives enriches our own understanding…

Personal & Social Development // Empathy & Social Awareness

Move beyond 'treating everyone the same' to understand that structural advantages and disadvantages exist regardless of individual effort or intention; explore…

Personal & Social Development // Empathy & Social Awareness

Distinguish sympathy ('I feel sorry for you') from empathy ('I understand what you're experiencing'); develop active listening skills: reflecting, paraphrasing…

Personal & Social Development // Empathy & Social Awareness

Understand what it means to be a citizen in an interconnected world where decisions in one place affect people elsewhere; explore global issues (climate…

Personal & Social Development // Friendship & Cooperation

Know and use the vocabulary of working with others — cooperate, share, take turns, team, listen, agree, disagree respectfully, and include — and understand that…

Personal & Social Development // Friendship & Cooperation

Listen to others when they are speaking — looking at the speaker, waiting until they finish, and showing they have heard by responding to what was said rather…

Personal & Social Development // Friendship & Cooperation

Understand what makes someone a good friend — being kind, honest, reliable, and including others — and recognise behaviours that are not friendly, such as being…

Personal & Social Development // Friendship & Cooperation

Take turns, share materials, and play cooperatively with others — understanding that group activities work better when everyone gets a fair go and that waiting…

Personal & Social Development // Friendship & Cooperation

Ask for help when they need it — from a friend, teacher, or family member — and understand that asking for help is a sign of strength, not weakness

Personal & Social Development // Friendship & Cooperation

Resolve simple disagreements with peers by talking it through — explaining how they feel, listening to the other person's side, and finding a compromise or…

Personal & Social Development // Friendship & Cooperation

Understand that friendships change over time — that it's normal for friends to drift apart or for new friendships to form — and develop strategies for making…

Personal & Social Development // Friendship & Cooperation

Work effectively as part of a small group — contributing their own ideas, listening to others' ideas, taking on a fair share of the work, and supporting the…

Personal & Social Development // Friendship & Cooperation

Know and use the vocabulary of healthy communication and conflict — assertive, passive, aggressive, compromise, conflict, resolution, mediate, bystander…

Personal & Social Development // Friendship & Cooperation

Understand different roles people play in groups — leader, supporter, mediator, idea-generator — and recognise that effective groups need a mix of roles, not…

Personal & Social Development // Friendship & Cooperation

Reflect on their own role and behaviour in relationships — recognising patterns in how they interact with others, understanding what they contribute to…

Personal & Social Development // Friendship & Cooperation

Give and receive constructive feedback — telling someone what they did well and what could be improved in a way that is helpful rather than hurtful, and…

Personal & Social Development // Friendship & Cooperation

Use assertive communication — expressing needs, opinions, and boundaries clearly and respectfully without being aggressive (pushy/demanding) or passive (giving…

Personal & Social Development // Friendship & Cooperation

Mediate conflicts between others — helping two friends who are arguing by listening to both sides, helping them see each other's perspective, and guiding them…

Personal & Social Development // Friendship & Cooperation

Understand subtext, indirect communication, and social cues in adolescent peer groups; analyse the psychology of in-group and out-group dynamics and why…

Personal & Social Development // Friendship & Cooperation

Understand how to have honest, direct conversations that address problems without attacking the person; apply the principles of non-violent communication…

Personal & Social Development // Friendship & Cooperation

Distinguish different leadership styles (directive, democratic, servant, transformational) and understand when each is appropriate; understand that influence in…

Personal & Social Development // Responsible Decision-Making

Know and use the vocabulary of making decisions and keeping safe — choice, consequence, rule, safe, fair, honest, trusted adult, and right and wrong — and…