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Mathematics // Addition & Subtraction
Subtraction as taking away or separatingUnderstand subtraction as taking away or separating from a group to find how many remain
Ages 4 to 6ConceptMathematics // Addition & Subtraction
Addition as combining or putting together twoUnderstand addition as combining or putting together two groups to find the total
Ages 4 to 6ConceptMathematics // Addition & Subtraction
Number bonds to 9Find the number that makes 10 when added to a given number from 1 to 9 (number bonds to 10)
Ages 4 to 6MethodMathematics // Addition & Subtraction
Numbers up to 10 into pairsDecompose numbers up to 10 into pairs in more than one way (part-part-whole)
Ages 4 to 6ConceptMathematics // Addition & Subtraction
Addition and subtraction word problemsSolve addition and subtraction word problems within 10 using objects or drawings
Ages 4 to 6MethodMathematics // Addition & Subtraction
Representing Addition and SubtractionRepresent addition and subtraction using objects, drawings, and mental images
Ages 4 to 6RepresentationMathematics // Addition & Subtraction
Reading +, −, and = symbolsRead, write, and interpret the symbols +, −, and = in number sentences
Ages 5 to 6LanguageMathematics // Addition & Subtraction
Fluent adding and subtracting within 5Fluently add and subtract within 5
Ages 5 to 6MethodMathematics // Addition & Subtraction
Number bondsRecall number bonds (addition and related subtraction facts) within 20
Ages 5 to 6MethodMathematics // Addition & Subtraction
Adding and subtractingAdd and subtract one-digit and two-digit numbers to 20, including zero
Ages 5 to 6MethodMathematics // Addition & Subtraction
Early Word ProblemsSolve one-step word problems involving addition and subtraction to 20, including missing-number problems
Ages 5 to 7MethodMathematics // Addition & Subtraction
Addition and subtraction within 20Add and subtract within 20 using strategies such as making ten, decomposing a number leading to ten, and using known facts
Ages 6 to 7MethodMathematics // Addition & Subtraction
Fluent adding and subtracting within 10Fluently add and subtract within 10
Ages 6 to 7MethodMathematics // Addition & Subtraction
Adding within 100Add within 100 using strategies based on place value, including adding a two-digit and one-digit number, and a two-digit and a multiple of 10
Ages 6 to 7MethodMathematics // Addition & Subtraction
What the equals sign meansUnderstand the meaning of the equal sign as 'is the same as' and determine if equations are true or false
Ages 6 to 7ConceptMathematics // Addition & Subtraction
Addition in any orderUnderstand and apply the commutative property of addition: addends can be added in any order
Ages 6 to 7ConceptMathematics // Addition & Subtraction
Finding a missing number in additionUnderstand subtraction as finding an unknown addend (e.g. 10 − 8 = ? is the same as 8 + ? = 10)
Ages 6 to 7ConceptMathematics // Addition & Subtraction
Inverse: addition undoes subtractionRecognise and use the inverse relationship between addition and subtraction to check calculations and solve missing-number problems
Ages 6 to 7ConceptMathematics // Addition & Subtraction
Mental and written addition and subtractionSolve addition and subtraction problems using mental and written methods, including problems involving numbers, quantities, and measures
Ages 6 to 7MethodMathematics // Addition & Subtraction
Adding two two-digit numbersAdd and subtract two two-digit numbers using concrete objects, pictorial representations, and mental methods
Ages 6 to 7MethodMathematics // Addition & Subtraction
Mental addition and subtraction (age 6+)Add and subtract a two-digit number and ones mentally and using concrete/pictorial representations
Ages 6 to 7MethodMathematics // Addition & Subtraction
Unknown in Addition & SubtractionDetermine the unknown whole number in an addition or subtraction equation relating three whole numbers
Ages 6 to 7MethodMathematics // Addition & Subtraction
Fluent addition and subtractionRecall and use addition and subtraction facts to 20 fluently, and derive and use related facts up to 100
Ages 6 to 7MethodMathematics // Addition & Subtraction
Adding and subtracting tens mentallyAdd and subtract a two-digit number and tens mentally and using concrete/pictorial representations
Ages 6 to 7Method