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English // Speaking & Listening
Speaking Formally and Giving PresentationsUse Standard English confidently in formal and informal spoken contexts — give short speeches and presentations expressing own ideas clearly, keeping to the…
Ages 11 to 14MethodEnglish // Speaking & Listening
Formal DebatesParticipate in formal debates and structured discussions — presenting a position with supporting evidence, responding to others’ points, summarising and…
Ages 12 to 14MethodEnglish // Spelling & Word Study
Applying Spelling Rules to Complex WordsSpell correctly and consistently, applying the spelling patterns and rules from KS1-2 to increasingly complex vocabulary encountered in KS3 reading and…
Ages 11 to 14MethodEnglish // Vocabulary
Advanced Figurative LanguageUnderstand and interpret figurative language, word relationships, and nuances in word meaning — including allusion, irony, pun, oxymoron, and extended metaphor…
Ages 11 to 14ConceptEnglish // Vocabulary
Academic VocabularyAcquire and use accurately a broad range of general academic vocabulary and domain-specific words — drawing new vocabulary from reading and listening and…
Ages 11 to 14MethodEnglish // Vocabulary
Vocabulary StrategiesDetermine the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words and phrases using a flexible range of strategies — including context clues, Greek and Latin affixes…
Ages 11 to 14MethodEnglish // Writing Composition
Persuasive WritingWrite arguments to support claims with clear reasons and relevant evidence — including introducing claims, acknowledging counterclaims, organising reasons…
Ages 11 to 14MethodEnglish // Writing Composition
Writing Techniques for EffectApply growing knowledge of vocabulary, grammar, and text structure to writing — drawing on literary and rhetorical devices from reading (e.g., rhetorical…
Ages 11 to 14MethodEnglish // Writing Composition
Research & Source EvaluationSummarise and organise material from reading and research — gathering relevant information from multiple sources, assessing credibility, integrating evidence…
Ages 11 to 14MethodEnglish // Writing Composition
Planning, Revising and Editing WritingPlan, revise, and edit writing to improve coherence and effectiveness — considering how the writing reflects its intended audience and purpose, amending…
Ages 11 to 14Thinking skillEnglish // Writing Composition
Writing Across GenresWrite for a range of purposes and audiences beyond narrative — including scripts, poetry, personal and formal letters, notes for talks, and other forms…
Ages 11 to 14MethodEnglish // Writing Composition
Writing Character & DialogueWrite narratives that develop real or imagined experiences using effective technique — including establishing context and point of view, developing characters…
Ages 11 to 14MethodEnglish // Writing Composition
Developed Informational and Explanatory WritingWrite informative and explanatory texts that examine a topic and convey ideas clearly — organising information logically with headings and formatting…
Ages 11 to 14MethodEnglish // Writing Composition
Cohesion and Transitions Across WritingUse varied transitions, cohesive devices, and paragraph-linking strategies to create coherence across a whole piece of writing — including temporal transitions…
Ages 11 to 14MethodScience // Animals of the World
The Red Queen HypothesisIntroduce the Red Queen hypothesis — species must keep evolving just to maintain fitness relative to co-evolving partners; describe predator-prey arms races…
Ages 11 to 12ConceptScience // Animals of the World
The Biodiversity CrisisQuantify the current biodiversity crisis: extinction rates 100-1000x the background rate; explain methods for measuring biodiversity loss (species-area…
Ages 12 to 14ConceptScience // Animals of the World
Sexual SelectionExplain sexual selection as a form of natural selection: runaway selection for peacock tails, bird of paradise displays, and frog calls; explain kin selection…
Ages 12 to 13ConceptScience // Animals of the World
Deep-Sea SurvivalExplain how deep-sea animals cope with crushing pressure (no gas-filled spaces, flexible proteins, pressure-adapted enzymes); describe thermoregulation extremes…
Ages 12 to 13ConceptScience // Animals of the World
Grouping Species Using DNAExplain cladistics: organisms are grouped by shared derived characters, not just similarity; how phylogenetic trees are built using molecular data (DNA sequence…
Ages 13 to 14ConceptScience // Dinosaurs & Paleontology
Dinosaur-to-Bird TransitionTrace the evidence for the dinosaur-to-bird transition in depth: feathered theropods from the Liaoning Formation (China), the mix of dinosaur and bird features…
Ages 11 to 13ConceptScience // Dinosaurs & Paleontology
Radiometric DatingExplain how radiometric dating works — radioactive isotopes decay at a known rate (half-life), so measuring the ratio of parent to daughter isotope in a rock or…
Ages 11 to 13ConceptScience // Dinosaurs & Paleontology
Reconstructing Ancient EcosystemsReconstruct an ancient ecosystem using multiple independent lines of evidence: isotope analysis of teeth to infer diet and migration, bone histology (growth…
Ages 12 to 14MethodScience // Dinosaurs & Paleontology
Mass Extinctions in Earth HistoryCompare the five major mass extinction events in Earth history (End-Ordovician, Late Devonian, End-Permian, End-Triassic, K-Pg), describe proposed kill…
Ages 12 to 14ConceptScience // Dinosaurs & Paleontology
Megafauna Extinction & De-ExtinctionEvaluate the debate over what drove Pleistocene megafauna to extinction — human overkill, climate change, or a combination — using evidence from fossil records…
Ages 13 to 14Thinking skill