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English // English Thinking

Understand that reading is about making meaning, not just saying words correctly — a text that can be decoded but not understood has not been read

English // English Thinking

Notice the difference between decoding words and actually understanding them — recognise when you've read the words but not grasped the meaning, and do…

English // English Thinking

Distinguish between what a text explicitly says and what you have inferred, assumed, or read in — knowing which is which is fundamental to honest comprehension

English // English Thinking

Recognise how an author's deliberate choices — of words, structure, tone, and perspective — create particular effects on you as a reader

English // English Thinking

Evaluate whether your own writing achieves the effect you intended on a reader — go beyond checking for correctness to asking whether it actually works

English // English Thinking

Monitor your own vocabulary gaps — notice words you half-know, distinguish confident from uncertain knowledge, and develop strategies to resolve the uncertainty

English // English Thinking

Reflect on yourself as a language user — how your reading, writing, and speaking shift across audiences, purposes, and contexts, and where you want to develop…

English // Reading Comprehension

Predict what might happen next in a story based on what has been read so far; discuss the significance of titles and events

English // Reading Comprehension

Check that text makes sense while reading and self-correct inaccurate reading by re-reading or using context

English // Reading Comprehension

Compare and contrast the adventures and experiences of characters in familiar stories; identify similarities and differences between two texts on the same topic

English // Reading Comprehension

Link what is read or heard to own experiences; draw on background knowledge and vocabulary to support understanding of texts

English // Reading Comprehension

Participate in discussions about what is read, taking turns and listening to others; explain understanding clearly; actively engage in group reading activities

English // Reading Comprehension

Recommend books to peers, giving reasons for choices based on knowledge of a wide range of genres, authors, and themes, and making comparisons within and across…

English // Reading Comprehension

Read widely and independently across fiction and non-fiction — including whole novels, short stories, plays, poetry, and non-fiction from different genres…

English // Speaking & Listening

Use spoken language to develop understanding through speculating, hypothesising, imagining, and exploring ideas; use strategies to build vocabulary through talk

English // Speaking & Listening

Gain, maintain and monitor the interest of listeners when speaking; consider and evaluate different viewpoints, attending to and building on others'…

English // Writing Composition

With teacher guidance, re-read own writing aloud to check it sounds right; listen and respond to questions and suggestions from teacher or peers to add detail…

English // Writing Composition

Read back your own writing critically and independently — notice where meaning is unclear, where a word could be stronger, or where the reader might be…

English // Writing Composition

Identify the audience for and purpose of writing before beginning, selecting the appropriate form, tone, and register to match the intended reader and…

English // Writing Composition

Produce clear and coherent writing in which the development and organisation are appropriate to the task, purpose, and audience, maintaining a consistent style…

English // Writing Composition

Plan narrative writing by considering how authors have developed characters and settings, drawing on techniques observed in texts read, heard, or performed

English // Writing Composition

Plan, revise, and edit writing to improve coherence and effectiveness — considering how the writing reflects its intended audience and purpose, amending…