Personal & social development // Area

Emotional Literacy

15 topics for ages 5 to 14, ordered by the age each one starts. Read from top to bottom to follow the progression.

Age coverage

Ages 5 to 14

  1. Starts at age 5 // 4 topics

    Starting at age 5

    Your child is learning about emotions — naming different feelings, understanding that everyone has emotions, expressing feelings with words instead of actions, and recognising what triggers their emotions.

    • Naming Basic Emotions

      Name and recognise basic emotions — happy, sad, angry, scared, excited, and surprised — in themselves and in others by looking at facial expressions and body…

      Ages 5 to 7Language
    • Feelings Change and Differ

      Understand that everyone has feelings, that feelings change throughout the day, and that the same event can make different people feel different things

      Ages 5 to 7Concept
    • Triggers and Causes of Feelings

      Understand that feelings have causes — something happens (a trigger) and that makes us feel a certain way — and begin to identify what triggers their own…

      Ages 5 to 7Concept
    • Expressing Feelings with Words

      Express their own feelings appropriately using words rather than actions — saying 'I feel angry because...' instead of hitting, shouting, or withdrawing

      Ages 5 to 7Method
  2. Starts at age 7 // 4 topics

    Starting at age 7

    Your child is developing a deeper understanding of emotions — learning more specific emotion words, recognising how feelings vary in intensity, and understanding the connection between emotions and physical sensations in their body.

    • Emotion Vocabulary

      Use a wider vocabulary of emotion words beyond the basics — including frustrated, worried, anxious, embarrassed, jealous, proud, disappointed, grateful, and…

      Ages 7 to 9Language
    • How Emotions Feel in Your Body

      Understand the connection between emotions and the body — recognising physical signals like butterflies in the stomach (nervous), clenched fists (angry), racing…

      Ages 7 to 9Concept
    • Mild to Strong Emotions

      Understand that emotions come in different intensities — from mild to strong — and that the same emotion can feel very different depending on how intense it is…

      Ages 7 to 9Concept
    • Hidden and Masked Feelings

      Recognise that people sometimes hide or mask their true feelings — smiling when they're actually sad, or saying 'I'm fine' when they're not — and understand why…

      Ages 7 to 9Concept
  3. Starts at age 9 // 4 topics

    Starting at age 9

    Your child is developing deeper emotional understanding — recognising complex and mixed feelings, understanding how emotions influence decisions, and reflecting on their own emotional patterns and growth over time.

    • Emotional Patterns Over Time

      Reflect on their own emotional patterns over time — noticing recurring triggers, understanding their typical responses, and recognising how their emotional…

      Ages 9 to 11Thinking skill
    • Emotions and Decision-Making

      Understand how emotions influence thinking and decision-making — that strong feelings can cloud judgement, that we often make different choices when calm versus…

      Ages 9 to 11Concept
    • Culture and Experience Shape Emotions

      Understand that emotional responses are shaped by personal experiences, culture, and context — the same situation triggers different emotions in different…

      Ages 9 to 11Concept
    • Mixed and Conflicting Emotions

      Understand that people can experience mixed or conflicting emotions at the same time — feeling excited and nervous about starting a new school, or happy for a…

      Ages 9 to 11Concept
  4. Starts at age 11 // 1 topic

    Starting at age 11

    • Brain Science of Emotions

      Understand how the amygdala triggers emotional responses and how the prefrontal cortex (still developing in adolescence) regulates them; explain why stress…

      Ages 11 to 12Concept
  5. Starts at age 12 // 1 topic

    Starting at age 12

    • Identity and Belonging in Adolescence

      Understand that adolescence involves active construction of identity, leading to emotional complexity around questions of 'who am I?'; explore the emotional…

      Ages 12 to 13Concept
  6. Starts at age 13 // 1 topic

    Starting at age 13

    • Emotional Intelligence

      Introduce Goleman's emotional intelligence model (self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, empathy, social skills); develop vocabulary for complex emotional…

      Ages 13 to 14Thinking skill