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Mathematics // Measurement
Time Units and Calendar FactsKnow the number of seconds in a minute and the number of days in each month, year, and leap year
Ages 7 to 8ConceptMathematics // Measurement
Measuring with different unitsMeasure the length of an object using two different length units and describe how the measurements relate to the size of the unit chosen
Ages 7 to 8ConceptMathematics // Measurement
Understanding AreaUnderstand that a unit square has one square unit of area and that the area of a plane figure is the number of unit squares that cover it without gaps or…
Ages 8 to 9ConceptMathematics // Measurement
Metric & Imperial ConversionUnderstand and use approximate equivalences between metric units and common imperial units (inches, pounds, pints)
Ages 9 to 10ConceptMathematics // Measurement
Estimating volumeEstimate volume of cuboids using 1 cm³ blocks; estimate capacity of containers using water
Ages 9 to 10ConceptMathematics // Measurement
Miles & KilometresConvert between miles and kilometres using the approximate relationship (5 miles ≈ 8 km)
Ages 10 to 11ConceptMathematics // Measurement
Perimeter (age 10+)Recognise that shapes with the same area can have different perimeters and vice versa; explore this relationship systematically
Ages 10 to 11ConceptMathematics // Measurement
Measuring length (age 10+)Recognise volume as an attribute of solid figures; understand that a unit cube (side length 1 unit) has 'one cubic unit' of volume and can be used to measure…
Ages 10 to 11ConceptMathematics // Multiplication & Division
Division as equal sharingUnderstand division as sharing equally into groups or as grouping (how many groups of a given size can be made)
Ages 4 to 6ConceptMathematics // Multiplication & Division
Multiplication as repeated additionUnderstand multiplication as repeated addition and grouping equal sets
Ages 5 to 6ConceptMathematics // Multiplication & Division
Commutative MultiplicationUnderstand and apply the commutative property of multiplication and recognise that division is not commutative
Ages 6 to 7Concept- Ages 6 to 7Concept
Mathematics // Multiplication & Division
Arrays for multiplication (age 7+)Use addition to find the total number of objects arranged in rectangular arrays with up to 5 rows and 5 columns; write an equation to express the total as a sum…
Ages 7 to 8ConceptMathematics // Multiplication & Division
What Multiplication MeansInterpret products of whole numbers (e.g. 5 × 7 as the total number of objects in 5 groups of 7)
Ages 8 to 9ConceptMathematics // Multiplication & Division
Properties of OperationsApply properties of operations (commutative, associative, distributive) as strategies to multiply and divide
Ages 8 to 9ConceptMathematics // Multiplication & Division
Division as Unknown FactorUnderstand division as an unknown-factor problem (e.g. find 32 ÷ 8 by finding the number that makes 32 when multiplied by 8)
Ages 8 to 9ConceptMathematics // Multiplication & Division
What Division MeansInterpret whole-number quotients (e.g. 56 ÷ 8 as the number of objects in each share or the number of equal groups)
Ages 8 to 9ConceptMathematics // Multiplication & Division
Factor Pairs & CommutativityRecognise and use factor pairs and commutativity in mental calculations
Ages 8 to 9ConceptMathematics // Multiplication & Division
Patterns in Times TablesIdentify arithmetic patterns (including patterns in the addition table or multiplication table) and explain them using properties of operations
Ages 8 to 9ConceptMathematics // Multiplication & Division
Factors, multiples, and primesFind all factor pairs for a whole number in the range 1–100; identify common factors and common multiples of two numbers; use these concepts to solve problems
Ages 9 to 11ConceptMathematics // Multiplication & Division
Multiplicative ComparisonInterpret a multiplication equation as a comparison (e.g. 35 = 5 × 7 means 35 is 5 times as many as 7); represent verbal statements of multiplicative…
Ages 9 to 10ConceptMathematics // Multiplication & Division
Prime numbersKnow and use the vocabulary of prime numbers, prime factors, and composite numbers; establish whether a number up to 100 is prime; recall prime numbers up to 19
Ages 9 to 10ConceptMathematics // Multiplication & Division
Square and cube numbersRecognise and use square numbers and cube numbers, and the notation for squared (²) and cubed (³)
Ages 9 to 10ConceptMathematics // Multiplication & Division
Order of operationsUnderstand and apply the conventional order of operations (PEMDAS/BODMAS) to carry out calculations involving the four operations
Ages 10 to 11Concept