All topics

Science // Ecosystems & Habitats

Explain what biodiversity means, why high biodiversity makes ecosystems more resilient, and describe the ways human activity threatens biodiversity (habitat…

Science // Ecosystems & Habitats

Explain how organisms affect and are affected by their environment, including the bioaccumulation of toxic materials (e.g. pesticides, heavy metals) through…

Science // Ecosystems & Habitats

Describe the relationship between chromosomes, genes, and DNA in heredity, including the double helix structure of DNA and the historical roles of Watson…

Science // Ecosystems & Habitats

Explain genetic mutation as a random change in DNA sequence, describe causes of mutation (e.g. radiation, chemicals, copying errors), and explain that most…

Science // Ecosystems & Habitats

Explain how alleles are inherited in sexual reproduction and use Punnett squares to predict the probability of offspring inheriting a characteristic, including…

Science // Energy

Make observations to determine the effect of sunlight on Earth's surface, noticing that sunlight warms the ground, water, and objects

Science // Energy

Identify common appliances that run on electricity and understand that electricity is a form of energy that powers devices in everyday life

Science // Energy

Recognise that a switch opens and closes a circuit, controlling whether a lamp lights or a buzzer sounds

Science // Energy

Identify whether or not a lamp will light in a simple series circuit, based on whether the lamp is part of a complete loop with a battery

Science // Energy

Recognise some common conductors and insulators, and associate metals with being good conductors of electricity

Science // Energy

Observe and provide evidence that energy can be transferred from place to place by sound, light, heat, and electric currents

Science // Energy

Use evidence to construct an explanation relating the speed of an object to the energy of that object

Science // Energy

Ask questions and predict outcomes about the changes in energy that occur when objects collide

Science // Energy

Associate the brightness of a lamp or volume of a buzzer with the number and voltage of cells used in a series circuit

Science // Energy

Compare and give reasons for variations in how circuit components function, including brightness of bulbs, loudness of buzzers, and switch positions

Science // Energy

Identify the main energy stores (kinetic, gravitational potential, elastic potential, thermal, chemical, nuclear, electromagnetic) and the pathways by which…

Science // Energy

Explain the principle of conservation of energy (energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred between stores), and describe how energy is dissipated…

Science // Energy

Understand that electric current is the rate of flow of charge (measured in amperes using an ammeter), and that potential difference (voltage) is the energy…

Science // Energy

Explain static electricity as the build-up of electric charge through friction, describe how charged objects attract or repel each other, and relate static…

Science // Energy

Distinguish between renewable energy resources (solar, wind, hydroelectric, tidal, geothermal, biomass) and non-renewable resources (coal, oil, gas, nuclear)…

Science // Energy

Describe and compare the three mechanisms of heat transfer — conduction (particle vibration through solids), convection (fluid movement in liquids/gases), and…

Science // Energy

Define power as the rate of energy transfer (power = energy ÷ time, measured in watts), and compare energy transfer rates in different everyday contexts

Science // Energy

Describe and apply the rules for current, voltage, and resistance in series and parallel circuits, and explain the practical uses of each circuit type

Science // Forces & Motion

Understand that pushes and pulls are forces that can change the speed or direction of an object's motion, and compare the effects of different strengths and…