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English // Grammar & Punctuation

Use verb tense to convey various times, sequences, states, and conditions, selecting tenses deliberately to express the precise timing and nature of actions and…

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Recognise and correct inappropriate shifts in verb tense within and across sentences and paragraphs, maintaining consistency unless a shift is required by…

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Link ideas across paragraphs using a wider range of cohesive devices including word repetition, grammatical connections such as adverbials, and ellipsis to…

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Use hyphens to avoid ambiguity in compound modifiers and prefixed words, distinguishing between meanings that change based on hyphen placement

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Use commas to set off the words yes and no, to set off tag questions, and to indicate direct address in sentences

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Use underlining, quotation marks, or italics to indicate titles of works, applying conventions for different types of works such as books, stories, poems…

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Use a comma to separate an introductory element from the rest of the sentence, including introductory words, phrases, and clauses

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Expand, combine, and reduce sentences for meaning, reader interest, and style, using techniques such as embedding clauses, using appositives, and varying…

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Use semi-colons, colons, and dashes to mark boundaries between independent clauses, choosing the appropriate punctuation based on the relationship between the…

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Explain the function of conjunctions, prepositions, and interjections in general and in particular sentences, understanding how each word class contributes to…

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Use the subjunctive form in formal writing and speech to express wishes, demands, suggestions, or hypothetical situations (e.g., 'If I were you', 'I suggest…

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Use correlative conjunctions correctly in sentences, pairing words such as either/or, neither/nor, both/and, not only/but also, and whether/or

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Use a colon to introduce a list and semi-colons to separate items within lists, particularly when list items contain internal commas or are complex phrases

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Punctuate bullet points consistently to list information clearly, applying conventions for capitalisation, end punctuation, and parallel structure across items

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Analyse the effectiveness and impact of grammatical features in texts read — understanding how authors make deliberate grammatical choices (sentence length…

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Discuss reading, writing, and spoken language with precise and confident use of linguistic and literary terminology — including terms for word classes, sentence…

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Understand and analyse the function of phrases (noun, verb, adjectival, adverbial, prepositional) and clauses (main, subordinate, relative) in general and in…

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Use punctuation confidently and accurately for effect and clarity — including semicolons to link related clauses, colons to introduce lists or explanations…

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Choose among and construct simple, compound, complex, and compound-complex sentences to signal different relationships among ideas, varying sentence patterns…

English // Grammar & Punctuation

Know and understand the differences between spoken and written language — including differences in formality, register, grammar, and vocabulary — and between…

English // Handwriting & Transcription

Begin to join letters using diagonal and horizontal strokes, understanding which letter pairs are best left unjoined, forming letters of correct size relative…

English // Phonics & Word Reading

Read aloud with accuracy, appropriate rate, and expression (prosody), re-reading familiar texts to build fluency and confidence, and using context to…

English // Reading Comprehension

Predict what might happen next in a story based on what has been read so far; discuss the significance of titles and events

English // Reading Comprehension

Listen to and discuss poems, stories, and non-fiction at a level beyond independent reading; confirm understanding of texts read aloud by asking and answering…