Science // Weather & Climate
Types of Weather
Identify and describe different types of weather — sunny, rainy, windy, snowy, cloudy, foggy, stormy — and describe what the weather is like today using simple vocabulary
Quick check
When the learner looks out the window in the morning, can they describe the weather using words like sunny, cloudy, rainy, or windy, and say whether it's a nice day or a wet day?
Ask this to see whether the topic is secure.
Topic // Mastery
What mastery looks like
- Name at least five types of weather
- Describe today's weather accurately using appropriate vocabulary
- Match weather types to simple pictures or symbols
Topic // Map
Where this fits
- RequiredMust come first
- HelpfulHelps, but not essential
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Types of Weather
Ages 5 to 7 // Concept
Leads to
7 topics- Geography & Local WeatherRequired
Weather & Climate // Ages 7 to 9
Comparing world weather requires weather vocabulary
- Weather vs ClimateRequired
Weather & Climate // Ages 7 to 9
Distinguishing weather from climate requires understanding weather first
- Using Weather InstrumentsRequired
Weather & Climate // Ages 7 to 9
Measuring weather requires knowing the types of weather to measure
- Seasons & Weather PatternsHelpful
Weather & Climate // Ages 5 to 7
Seasons benefit from weather vocabulary
- Rain & PuddlesHelpful
Weather & Climate // Ages 5 to 7
Rain concept benefits from knowing rain as a weather type
- Storm SafetyHelpful
Weather & Climate // Ages 5 to 7
Storm safety benefits from knowing what storms are
- Dressing for the WeatherHelpful
Weather & Climate // Ages 5 to 7
Dressing for weather benefits from knowing weather types
Topic // Research-informed
Teaching notes
From the Marble Skill Taxonomy. These notes have not been validated in classrooms, so treat them as a starting point for your own judgement.
The approach
Foundational weather-naming topic for ages 5–7: children name and describe sunny, rainy, windy, snowy, cloudy, foggy and stormy weather, say what today's weather is like in simple words, and match weather types to symbols. Keep it concrete and observational — name the weather you can see and feel out of the window (looking at the sky and ground, never straight at the sun) — with no mechanism yet (that comes later). The core activity is a tap-to-reveal weather scene that attaches words and symbols to observable cues; strong follow-ons include a weather-report/tally builder (seeding patterns-over-time), matching/describe quizzes for checking vocabulary, and an optional weather-presenter conversation to elicit a child's own words.
Common misconceptions
- 'It's a bad/good day' instead of a weather description — children conflate weather with mood/value; steer toward neutral descriptive words.
- Cloudy vs foggy vs stormy blur together — distinguish by concrete cues (fog is low and you can't see far; storm has wind + rain + maybe thunder).
- 'Windy' is judged only by extreme gusts — gentle breezes count too; wind is a spectrum, not just gales.
- Weather is only what's overhead now — children may miss that it changes through the day; the daily chart helps them notice.
- Snow/ice only 'counts' as weather in storybook winters — include the full local range, and that some places rarely see snow at all.
Useful representations
- A single illustrated weather scene with each weather type shown and tappable/label-able — the canonical naming surface.
- Weather-symbol cards (sun, cloud, rain, snow, wind, fog, storm) matched to photos of real conditions.
- A daily class weather chart/calendar where today's weather is marked with a symbol.
- Sensory pairing: an image plus a felt-word (sunny–warm, snowy–cold, rainy–wet, windy–blowy).
Teaching practices
- Anchor every weather word to first-hand observation — look out of the window and name today's weather — so vocabulary attaches to lived, sensory experience, not just pictures.
- Pair each weather type with a canonical simple symbol (sun, cloud, raincloud, snowflake, wind lines) and practise matching both ways, since symbol-reading is an explicit evidence target and a gateway to weather charts.
- Build a shared daily weather-chart routine so the same words recur over days and children begin to notice change and repetition (seeding the later patterns-over-time idea).
- Engage multiple senses: weather is felt (warm sun, cold wind, wet rain) as well as seen — use sound and touch descriptions to enrich the vocabulary.
- Accept and extend everyday words ('freezing', 'boiling', 'chucking it down') toward the shared science vocabulary rather than correcting them away.
- Keep it description-only at this age — resist explaining WHY (what causes wind/rain); the naming and noticing is the whole job here.
Activities to try
- 1
Tap-to-reveal weather scene: name it and say how you can tell
Why it works: Each weather type has a name, a symbol, and observable cues you can see or feel — and today's weather can be read directly from the sky and air.
- Look at one big, inviting weather picture (or a small set of them) showing several weather types at once.
- Tap the blazing sun to reveal the word 'sunny', its symbol, and a lift-the-flap 'how can you tell?' that explains 'the sun is shining, the sky is bright and you can see shadows' (a sunny day can still feel cold).
- Tap the falling rain to reveal 'rainy'; tap the trees bent sideways and the kite straining on its string to reveal 'windy'; tap the low white blanket you can't see through to reveal 'foggy'; tap the falling snowflakes to reveal 'snowy', the sky full of cloud to reveal 'cloudy', and the dark clouds with lightning and lashing rain to reveal 'stormy'.
- For each revealed word, read the symbol shown in the activity's key alongside it (for example sun, cloud, raincloud, snowflake, wind lines, fog, storm) and say the word aloud.
- In a 'what's it like today?' corner that mirrors a real class weather chart, look out of the window — at the sky and ground, never straight at the sun — then choose and place the symbol for today's actual weather.
- 2
Sensory pairing: weather you feel as well as see
Why it works: Weather is experienced through more than one sense — it is felt and heard as well as seen — which enriches the descriptive vocabulary.
- Look at each weather image and pair it with a sense-word: sunny–bright (you may feel the sun on your skin, even on a cold day), snowy–cold, rainy–wet, windy–blowy.
- Describe both what you can see and what it would feel like on your skin for today's weather.
- Use sound and touch descriptions (the whoosh of wind, the patter of rain) to add to the weather word.
- 3
Build today's weather report and tally the week
Why it works: Weather recurs and changes over days — recording it with the same words and symbols lets you notice patterns over time — and it can also change within a single day.
- Drag weather symbols onto a simple map or report to 'build today's weather report'.
- Over a week, add a symbol each day to a tally chart and count how many sunny, rainy or cloudy days there were.
- Talk about which weather happened most across the week, and from looking out of the window recall that the weather can also change within a single day (e.g. sunny in the morning, rainy by the afternoon).
Science // Weather & Climate
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