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Science // Organisms & Life Processes
Body Temperature RegulationExplain how the human body detects and responds to environmental changes including temperature, including the role of the skin in temperature regulation…
Ages 12 to 14ConceptScience // Organisms & Life Processes
Human ReproductionDescribe the structure and function of the male and female human reproductive systems, and explain the processes of fertilisation, gestation, and birth…
Ages 12 to 13ConceptScience // Organisms & Life Processes
Pathogens & the Immune SystemExplain how pathogens (bacteria, viruses, and fungi) cause disease and describe how the immune system responds, including the roles of white blood cells…
Ages 12 to 14ConceptScience // Organisms & Life Processes
Effects of Drugs & AlcoholExplain the effects of recreational drugs including alcohol, tobacco, and illegal substances on behaviour, health, and body systems, and distinguish between…
Ages 13 to 14ConceptScience // Polar Regions
Where Are the Poles?Know that Earth has a North Pole and a South Pole — the two coldest places on the planet — and be able to find them on a globe, understanding that they are at…
Ages 5 to 7ConceptScience // Polar Regions
Arctic vs AntarcticKnow that the Arctic (North Pole) and Antarctic (South Pole) are very different — the Arctic is a frozen ocean surrounded by land where people and polar bears…
Ages 5 to 7ConceptScience // Polar Regions
Polar AnimalsKnow about other polar animals besides penguins and polar bears — seals that swim under ice, walruses with long tusks, Arctic foxes that turn white in winter…
Ages 5 to 7ConceptScience // Polar Regions
PenguinsKnow key facts about penguins — they live in the Antarctic and Southern Hemisphere, they cannot fly but are excellent swimmers, Emperor penguins are the largest…
Ages 5 to 7ConceptScience // Polar Regions
Polar BearsKnow key facts about polar bears — they live only in the Arctic (not the Antarctic), they have thick white fur and a layer of fat (blubber) to keep warm, they…
Ages 5 to 7ConceptScience // Polar Regions
Ice & SnowKnow that water can be solid (ice and snow) or liquid, that snow is made of tiny frozen ice crystals, that icebergs are huge chunks of ice floating in the ocean…
Ages 5 to 7ConceptScience // Polar Regions
Brave Polar ExplorersKnow simple stories of brave polar explorers — Robert Falcon Scott and Roald Amundsen who raced to the South Pole, and Ernest Shackleton whose ship Endurance…
Ages 5 to 7ConceptScience // Polar Regions
Midnight Sun & Polar NightKnow that at the poles, daylight and darkness are extreme — in summer the Sun never fully sets (midnight sun) and in winter the Sun never rises (polar night…
Ages 5 to 7ConceptScience // Polar Regions
Comparing Arctic & AntarcticCompare the Arctic and Antarctic in detail — the Arctic is an ocean covered by floating sea ice with surrounding land masses (Canada, Russia, Greenland…
Ages 7 to 9ConceptScience // Polar Regions
Polar Food ChainsUnderstand polar food chains — in the Antarctic, phytoplankton are eaten by krill, krill are eaten by fish and penguins, and penguins are eaten by leopard seals…
Ages 7 to 9ConceptScience // Polar Regions
The Race to the South PoleKnow the story of the race to the South Pole in detail — Norwegian Roald Amundsen and British Robert Falcon Scott both set out in 1911, Amundsen arrived first…
Ages 7 to 9ConceptScience // Polar Regions
Ice & States of MatterUnderstand ice in different forms and states of matter — sea ice forms when ocean water freezes (it's salty and relatively thin), glacial ice forms from…
Ages 7 to 9ConceptScience // Polar Regions
The Arctic TundraKnow what the Arctic tundra is — a vast, treeless landscape with permafrost (permanently frozen ground) just below the surface, a very short growing season in…
Ages 7 to 9ConceptScience // Polar Regions
Inuit & Sami PeoplesKnow that indigenous peoples have lived in the Arctic for thousands of years — the Inuit across Canada, Alaska, and Greenland, and the Sami in northern…
Ages 7 to 9ConceptScience // Polar Regions
Cold-Weather AdaptationsUnderstand how polar animals are adapted to survive extreme cold — blubber (thick fat layer) insulates seals and whales, hollow fur traps air for warmth in…
Ages 7 to 9ConceptScience // Polar Regions
Why Polar Seasons Are ExtremeUnderstand why the poles have extreme seasons — Earth's axis is tilted at about 23.5°, so as it orbits the Sun, each pole spends half the year tilted toward the…
Ages 7 to 9ConceptScience // Polar Regions
Polar Conservation & FutureUnderstand the conservation challenges facing polar regions — marine protected areas in the Southern Ocean aim to preserve Antarctic ecosystems, Arctic nations…
Ages 9 to 11ConceptScience // Polar Regions
Climate Change at the PolesUnderstand how climate change is affecting polar regions — Arctic sea ice is shrinking dramatically (losing about 13% per decade since 1979), the Greenland and…
Ages 9 to 11ConceptScience // Polar Regions
Earth's Frozen WaterUnderstand the cryosphere and its role in Earth's water system — the cryosphere is all frozen water on Earth (ice sheets, glaciers, sea ice, permafrost, snow…
Ages 9 to 11ConceptScience // Polar Regions
Polar Oceans and World ClimateUnderstand how polar oceans connect to the global climate system — cold, dense polar water sinks and drives thermohaline circulation (a global conveyor belt of…
Ages 9 to 11Concept