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Science // Rainforests

Know that indigenous peoples such as the Yanomami have lived in rainforests for thousands of years, building homes from forest materials, finding food by…

Science // Rainforests

Know that rainforests are home to millions of insects — leaf-cutter ants that farm fungus, giant beetles, jewel-coloured butterflies, enormous spiders, and…

Science // Rainforests

Know that many everyday foods come from rainforests — chocolate is made from cacao beans, bananas grow in tropical forests, coffee berries ripen in forest…

Science // Rainforests

Describe what it feels like inside a rainforest — hot and sticky (humid), dark on the ground because the treetops block the light, loud with animal calls and…

Science // Rainforests

Understand how energy and nutrients flow through a rainforest food web — from plants (producers) to herbivores (primary consumers) to predators (secondary…

Science // Rainforests

Classify rainforest organisms into major groups — mammals (jaguars, monkeys, bats), birds (toucans, macaws, hummingbirds), reptiles (snakes, lizards, caimans)…

Science // Rainforests

Understand how the water cycle works in a rainforest — trees absorb water through their roots and release it through their leaves (transpiration), this moisture…

Science // Rainforests

Understand that rainforests have a tropical climate — consistently hot (25–30°C) with over 2000 mm of rainfall per year — and that this combination of heat and…

Science // Rainforests

Know that the Amazon is Earth's greatest rainforest — spanning nine countries across South America, containing the world's largest river by water volume, and…

Science // Rainforests

Understand that indigenous peoples of the rainforest have developed deep ecological knowledge over thousands of years — using plants for medicine, food, and…

Science // Rainforests

Know how rainforest plants are adapted to their environment — drip-tip leaves channel water off quickly to prevent rot, buttress roots spread wide to support…

Science // Rainforests

Know how rainforest animals are adapted to their environment — camouflage helps leaf insects and tree frogs hide, bright warning colours (aposematism) signal…

Science // Rainforests

Understand that the future of rainforests depends on balancing competing needs — economic development for local communities, indigenous peoples' rights to their…

Science // Rainforests

Understand the connection between rainforests and global climate — rainforests absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen through photosynthesis, store enormous…

Science // Rainforests

Understand the causes and scale of rainforest deforestation — cattle ranching (largest driver in the Amazon), soy and palm oil plantations, logging for timber…

Science // Rainforests

Know the main approaches to rainforest conservation — protected areas and national parks, reforestation and rewilding programmes, sustainable certification…

Science // Rainforests

Understand how rainforest products connect to everyday life through global supply chains — palm oil is in snacks, soap, and cosmetics; soy feeds livestock…

Science // Rainforests

Know that not all rainforests are tropical — temperate rainforests exist in cooler, wet regions like the Pacific Northwest of North America, western Scotland…

Science // Rainforests

Understand that rainforests are biodiversity hotspots — covering just 6% of Earth's land surface but containing over 50% of all known plant and animal species…

Science // Rainforests

Understand the paradox of nutrient cycling in rainforests — despite lush growth, rainforest soil is typically thin and nutrient-poor because most nutrients are…

Science // Scientific Inquiry

Distinguish between precision (consistency of repeated readings) and accuracy (closeness to true value), use significant figures and standard form correctly…

Science // Space Exploration

Identify the Sun, Moon, and stars as objects in the sky and describe basic differences: the Sun gives light and heat during the day, stars are tiny points of…

Science // Space Exploration

Know that there are other planets besides Earth and that our group of planets orbiting the Sun is called the solar system — and that space is the vast area…

Science // Space Exploration

Know that astronauts are people who travel to space in rockets, that humans have walked on the Moon (Apollo missions), and that astronauts today live and work…